Namik Kemal, “And Seek Their Counsel in the Matter [Qur'an, Sura 3, Verse 159] [“Wa shawirhum fi’l-amr,” Hürriyet (Liberty), London, England, number 4, July 20, 1868, pp. 1–4. Translation from Turkish and introduction by M. Şükrü Hanioğlu]
The Mecelle was the civil code of the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th and early 20th century. It was the first attempt to codify a part of the Sharia-based law of an Islamic state.