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Cite Your Sources: AMA Examples

Learn tips and tricks for finding, creating and citing your sources!

AMA Manual of Style

AMA Examples

Books: Berger S. Allotment gardening : An organic guide for beginners. Devon, England: Green Books, Ltd.; 2005.

Book Chapter: Coleman E. The new organic grower. In: Kruger A, ed. Gardening When It Counts. Westport, CT: Greenwood; 1995: 219-223.

Book with an Editor: Kruger A, ed. Gardening When It Counts. Westport, CT: Greenwood; 2001.

Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses: Feasel K. Profiles of personal agency: Ethnocultural variations in self-efficacy beliefs [dissertation]. Urbana-Champaign, IL:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 1999.

eBook: Fatemi SH, Clayton PJ, eds. The Medical Basis of Psychiatry. 3rd ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008.http://rave.ohiolink.edu/ebooks/ebc/9781597452526. Accessed June 4, 2009.

Journal Article or Magazine Article: Navarro P, Chambers I, Karwacki-Neisius V, et al. Molecular coupling of Xist regulation and pluripotency. Science.2008;321(5896):1693-1695. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/321/5896/1693. Accessed June 4, 2009.

(Abbreviate the title of the journal according to PubMed.)

Porell F, Carter M. Discretionary hospitalization of nursing home residents with and without alzheimer’s disease: a multilevel analysis. J Aging Health. 2005;17(2):207-238.

Journal or Magazine Article (Database): If the article has a DOI (digital object identifier), give that number at the end instead of the URL. If there is no DOI, instead give the URL and the date of access (Accessed: date). Do not include the database name.

Porell F, Carter M. Discretionary hospitalization of nursing home residents with and without alzheimer’s disease: a multilevel analysis. J Aging Health. 2005;17(2):207-238. doi: 10.1177/0898264304274302.

Website: Mayo Clinic Staff. Organic foods: Are they safer? More nutritious? The Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/organic-food/NU00255. Published December 20, 2010. Accessed March 13, 2008.

List as many of the following elements as are available: author, the name of the webpage, the name of the entire website, the URL,the published date, updated date, and the date you accessed it.

Videos: 

Has an author: Takayma-Ogawa J., Willette J. What is information literacy [Video]. YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yeopJX5jJV8.Published March 14, 2007. Accessed April 30, 2010.

Has no authorSlingshot fun [Video]. YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCmZYce0J2E. Published January 29, 2007. Accessed April 30, 2010.

For videos, provide the author only if you are sure that person created the video. Do not list the person posting the video online as the author. If you are unsure, treat the citation as having no author.

Blog: Bernstein M. Bioethics Discussion Blog [Internet]. Los Angeles: Maurice Bernstein. 2004 Jul -[cited 2007 May 16]. Available from: http://bioethicsdiscussion.blogspot.com/.

General Rules

  • Items are listed numerically in the order they are cited in the text.
  • Authors: use initials of first and second names with no spaces or punctuation.
  • Include up to six authors. If there are more than six, include the first three, followed by et al. If no author is given, start with the title.
  • Websites: include the name of the webpage, the name of the entire website, the full date of the page (if available), and the date you looked at it. Provide the URL that works as close as possible to the date of publication.
  • The AMA Manual of Style was updated in 2007, and this site reflects the updated version. 

(Source: Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)

Citing Data, Statisitics, Government Reports

Government Reports are treated the same as an electronic journal and book reference.

  • Apply the same rules as journal style for articles and book style for monographs. 
  • Include the published and updated date (if available) as well as accessed date

Example:

WomensHealth.gov. Statistics: autoimmune diseases. http://www.womenshealth.gov/statistics/statistics-by-topic/autoimmune-diseases.cfm. Updated June 17, 2009. Accessed January 11, 2012

U.S. Government Accountability Office. Reported Status of Department of Defense's Enterprise Resource Planning Systems. GAO-12-565R. http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-565R. Published March 30, 2012. Accessed April 2, 2012